 | № 4 (102) 2014 Содержание
| А.В. Крылов, Е.А. Гусев, А.Б. Кузнецов, Д.В. Зархидзе. Значение моллюсков
рода Cyrtodaria для стратиграфии кайнозойских отложений Арктики (.pdf) | 5 | | Г.Н. Антоновская, А.В. Данилов. Организация пунктов сейсмических
наблюдений в условиях Европейского Севера России на примере
функционирования пункта «Земля Франца-Иосифа» (.pdf) | 24 | | Д.Г. Чернов, В.С. Козлов, М.В. Панченко, Ю.С. Турчинович, В.Ф. Радионов,
А.В. Губин, А.Н. Прахов. Особенности изменчивости концентраций аэрозоля
и сажи в приземном слое воздуха в Баренцбурге (Шпицберген) в 2011–2013 гг. (.pdf) | 34 | | А.П. Недашковский, Е.П. Бондарева. Аномалия концентрации СО2
на поверхностном горизонте в Арктическом бассейне летом 2007 г. (.pdf) | 45 | | И.В. Федорова, И.Е. Сидорина, М.А. Родиченко, Т.В. Скороспехова,
А.А. Четверова, В.В. Дмитриев, В.Н. Шеповальников, Н.К. Шумская,
О.Н. Боброва, Т.В. Паршина, Р.Е. Власенков. Геоинформационное
сопровождение зонирования геосистем прибрежных районов
Российской Арктики по степени уязвимости (.pdf) | 50 | | С.Н. Зацепа, А.А. Ивченко, А.М. Москвичев, В.В. Солбаков, В.В. Становой.
К оценке области возможного обнаружения нефтяного загрязнения
при прогнозировании распространения аварийных разливов нефти в море (.pdf) | 61 | | И.А. Семерюк, А.А. Намятов. Использование параметра δ18О для идентификации
источников распреснения вод в проливе Фрама и на шельфе Баренцева моря (.pdf) | 71 | | А.А. Екайкин, В.Я. Липенков, С.В. Попов, А.В. Туркеев, А.В. Козачек,
Д.О. Владимирова. Пространственная изменчивость характеристик снежного
покрова антарктических мегадюн в районе подледникового озера Восток (.pdf) | 78 | | В.Г. Дворецкий, А.Г. Дворецкий. Годовой продукционный цикл зоопланктона
в южной части Баренцева моря (.pdf) | 90 | | А.Я. Коржиков, И.А.Ильющенкова. Межгодовая изменчивость групповых синоптических процессов и сценарий развития атмосферной циркуляции
по сезонам в Арктике до 2016 г. (.pdf) | 97 | | А.В. Клепиков, В.Э. Рябинин, А.И. Данилов, В.Г. Дмитриев. О подготовке
проведения Международной полярной партнерской инициативы (.pdf) | 104 |
Table of contents
| A.V. Krylov, E.A. Gusev, A.B. Kuznetsov, D.V. Zarkhidze. The сenozoic molluscs
of genus Cyrtodaria from russian Arctic | 5 | | In result of our investigations were studied morphology, phylogeny and stratigraphical distribution marine Cenozoic molluscs of the genus Cyrtodaria from the Russian Arctic. In revision study were described four molluscs species (include one new species — Cyrtodaria rossica Krylov et al., sp. nov). The Pliocene deposits have stratigraphic significance four species: Cyrtodaria angusta (Nyst et Westendorp, 1843) C. jenisseae Sachs, 1951, С. sachsi (Merklin et Zarhidze, 1979), C. rossica Krylov et al., sp. nov. Eopleistocene depositis are characterized by four species: Cyrtodaria angusta (Nyst et Westendorp, 1843), C. siliqua (Spengler, 1793), C. jenisseae Sachs, 1951, С. kurriana Dunker, 1861. Neopleistocene deposits are characterized by two species: Cyrtodaria siliqua (Spengler, 1793) and С. kurriana Dunker, 1861. In Oligocene and Miocene deposits were found Сyrtodaria jenisseae Sachs, 1951 which indicate that North Siberia was the center of origin of this species. For species Сyrtodaria jenisseae Sachs, 1951 were described the neotype and the diagnosis. Keywords: bivalves, Late Cenozoic, Cyrtodaria, Arctic.
| | G.N. Antonovskaya, A.V. Danilov. Recommendations for the seismic points placement
on the northern european Russia and first results | 24 | | The paper presents recommendations on the organization of stationary points of seismic observations in the European North of Russia and ways of preserving and transmitting digital data. The contribution of the seismic point «Franz Josef Land» in the study of the seismic activity of the Arctic territories are presents. Keywords: seismic points, seismic equipment, Euro-Arctic region, seismic event, transmission of seismic data.
| | D.G. Chernov, V.S. Kozlov, M.V. Panchenko, Yu.S. Turchinovich, V.F. Radionov,
A.V. Gubin, A.N. Prakhov. Features of variability of aerosol and black carbon concentrations on Barentsburg (Spitsbergen) in 2011–2013 | 34 | | The results of the monitoring of atmospheric aerosol characteristics in the near-ground air layer in spring and summer 2011–2013 during expeditions to Barentsburg (Spitsbergen) are analyzed. The content of arctic aerosol in the period was characterized by low mean values of aerosol mass concentration (about 2,14 2,26 g/m3), number density of particles (7,73 7,46 cm–3 with a diameters of more than 0,3 m) and the mass concentration of Black Carbon (0,18 0,24 g/m3). In seasonal behavior from spring to summer decrease of mean concentrations of aerosol was appeared, but for BC content in 2011–2012 the increase of mean concentrations was observed. Possible reason for this was more intense emission of dust particles from the underlying surface during snow free period and influence of meteorological factors that contribute to the accumulation of carbonaceous aerosol in the surface layer. The seasonal variability of particle size distributions is characterized by decrease in concentrations of fine fraction (diameters up to 1 m) and increase in the content of coarse fraction (particles large 1 micrometer). In the inter-annual dynamics during 3 years increase in average values of the mass and number concentration of aerosol was observed. But the inter-annual variability of mean BC concentration was more complex. Keywords: aerosol, black carbon, mass and number concentration, particle size distribution, seasonal and inter-annual dynamics, Spitsbergen.
| | A.P. Nedashkovsky, E.P. Bondareva. The anomaly of СО2 concentration
on the surface horizon at the Arctic ocean in summer 2007 | 45 | | Variability of СО2 partial pressure, P(CO2), on the surface horizon at the Eurasian part of the Arctic Ocean in August 2007 (R/V «Academik Fedorov») have been considered. Except for the area under the influence of river flow, P(CO2) is less than atmospheric, and, with increasing freshening P(CO2) falls. There is a region extending about 50 km in the meridional direction, located to northeast from Bolshevik island, in which the surface horizon is freshening due to melting of ice and supersaturated with СО2. It is shown that the increased P(CO2) in this area is an anomaly explained by acid precipitation. Keywords: Arctic Ocean, СО2, acid precipitation.
| | I.V. Fedorova, I.E. Sidorina, M.A. Rodichenko, T.V. Skorospekhova, A.A. Chetverova,
V.V. Dmitriev, V.N. Shipovalnikov, N.K. Shumskaya, O.N. Bobrova, T.V. Parshina,
R.E. Vlasenkov. Geoinformation maintenance of the Russian Arctic coastal areas geosystems zoning on vulnerability rate | 50 | | Due to the increasing attention to research and use of the Arctic zone for development of Russia economic complex, zones allocation of geosystems vulnerability to anthropogenous influence for coastal areas of the Russian Arctic and their multi aspects visualization by means of geoinformation technologies is important. In this article the major factors used for zones allocation of vulnerability, which can conditionally be divided into three groups «hydrometeorology», «biodiversity», and «health of the population», are described. Specially created GIS and DB allow to make data visualization for certain areas and for the Arctic region in general in the form of thematic maps set. Thus, use of geoinformation technologies allowed to analyse most fully all characteristics range and to built the generalizing conclusion in the form of the description of zones of geosystems vulnerability to technogenic and hydrometeorological influences. Areas of local pollution and influence on health have been separately allocated too. Keywords: Arctic, costal geosystems, vulnerability, GIS, pollutions, health of population, hydrometeorlogy, zoning.
| | S.N. Zatsepa, A.A. Ivchenko, A.M. Moskvichev, V.V. Solbakov, V.V. Stanovoy.
To assessment of the area of potential detection of oil pollution at prediction
of the accidental oil spills spreading in the sea | 61 | | The development of the method of simulation of the accidental oil spill spreading in the sea based on the typical hydrometeorological forecast is discussed. It is proposed to take into account the meteorological forecast errors by the introduction of the artificial scattering (quasidiffusion) of oil spreading trajectories. In this way, the traditional “mono-trajectory” approach is considered as the simulation of the most probable spreading of the oil with simultaneous assessment of the area of probable detection of oil pollution. The parameterization of “quasidiffusion” coefficient based on the analysis of time series of deviations between the observed at HMS Varandey wind speed data and calculated by the hydrodynamic model is proposed. Keywords: accidental oil spill, risk assessment of oil pollution in the sea, oil pollution simulation.
| | I.A. Semeryuk, А.А. Namyatov. Application of the oxygen isotope method for identification of fresh water sources in the Fram Strait and on the Barents Sea Shelf | 71 | | Water masses in the Fram Strait and on the self of the Barents Sea have similar temperature and salinity characteristics but different isotope content due to different reasons of salinity decrease. It could be explained by fresh water input as result of melting Greenland glaciers in the Independence fjord and Denmark fjord, on the other hand surface salinity decrease could happened during the process on sea-ice melting. The isotope-tracer method allows to distinguish water masses with similar salinity and different origin. Calculation of fresh water mass balance was carried out. Detailed description of the calculated fractions for Atlantic water masses, water modified during processes of sea ice melting/formation and fresh water formed due to influence of river runoff or glacier melting was done. Thus due to isotope-tracer method it is possible to make quantity description of the main fresh water members of the water balance for the region playing key role in formation of the Arctic Оcean thermohaline structure. Keywords: oxygen isotope, Fram Strait, river runoff, glacier melting, melting of sea-ice, salinity decrease.
| | A.A. Ekaykin, V.Ya. Lipenkov, S.V. Popov, A.V. Turkeev, A.V. Kozachek,
D.O. Vladimirova. Spatial variability of Antarctic mega-dunes snow characteristics
in the vicinity of the subglacial Lake Vostok | 78 | | We present the results of glaciological investigations in the mega-dune area located 30 km to the east from Vostok Station (central East Antarctica) implemented during the 58th and 59th Russian Antarctic Expedition (January 2013 and January 2014). Snow accumulation rate and isotope content (D and 18O) were measured along the 2-km profile across the mega-dune ridge accompanied by GPR survey. The accumulation rate regularly changes by 1 order of magnitude within the distance < 1 km, with the reduced accumulation at the leeward slope of the dune and increased accumulation in the hollow between the dunes. At the same time, the accumulation rate averaged over the length of a dune wave (25 mm w.e.) corresponds well with the value obtained at Vostok Station, which suggests no additional wind-driven snow sublimation in the mega-dunes comparing to the surrounding plateau. The snow isotope content is in negative correlation with the snow accumulation, which could be explained by post-depositional snow modification and/or by enhanced redistribution by wind of winter precipitation comparing to summer precipitation. Using the GPR data, we estimated the dune drift velocity (5,5 ± 1,3 m yr–1). The full cycle of the dune drift is thus about 340 years. Since the spatial anomalies of snow accumulation and isotope content are supposed to drift with the dune, an ice core drilled in the mega-dune area would exhibit the non-climatic 340-yr cycle of these two parameters. We made an attempt to simulate a vertical profile of isotope content with such a non-climatic variability in a virtual ice core, using the data on the dune size and velocity. The obtained results are discussed in terms of real ice core data interpretation. Keywords:Antarctica, mega-dunes, signal-to-noise ratio, snow cover, spatial variability, stable water isotopes.
| | V.G. Dvoretsky, A.G. Dvoretsky. Annual cycle of zooplankton production
in the southern part of the Barents sea | 90 | | Annual variation of zooplankton abundance, biomass, and estimated production was studied based on a large dataset obtained in the southern Barents Sea in the 1950s and 2000s. Maximum of biomass and abundance was found in May–June. Copepods and euphausiids dominated in terms of the total biomass and production. Total zooplankton biomass varied from 0,4 to 32,4 mg dry mass/м3, production — from 7 to 804 μg dry mass/м3 per day. The total annual production of zooplankton was higher than in other Arctic seas. Keywords: zooplankton, biomass, production, cycle, Barents Sea.
| | A.J. Korzhikov, I.A. Ilyushenkova. Interannual variability group of synoptic
processes and scenarios of the development of atmospheric circulation
on the seasons in the Arctic until 2016 | 97 | | The article presents the results of a study of inter-annual seasonal variability of groups of SYNOPTIC processes in the Arctic. Using polynomial approximation, obtained the prognostic value of the frequency of occurrence of groups of atmospheric processes on the basis of which the calculated scenarios seasonal pressure field and anomalies of air temperature in the North polar region for 2014–2016.The comparison of scenarios and actual fields in the Arctic for 2014 shows good agreement in all seasons. Keywords: groups of synoptic processes, Arctic, seasonal variability, polynomial approximation.
| | A.V. Klepikov, V.E. Ryabinin, A.I. Danilov, V.G. Dmitriev. On the preparation
of the international polar partnership initiative | 104 | | One of the most important achievements of the International Polar Year (IPY 2007/08) is that a large amount of new knowledge about the changes in the polar regions has created favorable conditions for the transition from research to services to improve the different forecasts in the Arctic and Antarctic. As part of the legacy of the IPY 2007/08, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has formed an international group of experts to develop the concept of the International Polar Partnership Initiative. Polar initiative is supported by the Arctic Council, International Arctic Science Committee, IOC UNESCO and other organizations. Keywords: Arctic, Antarctic, cooperation, international, polar.
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