 | № 3 (97) 2013 Содержание
| В.П.Карклин, И.Д.Карелин, А.В.Юлин, Е.А.Усольцева Особенности
формирования припая в море Лаптевых (.pdf) | 5 | | Е.И.Макаров Применение системных методов для составления
специализированных прогнозов ледовых условий плавания (.pdf) | 15 | | В.Ю.Третьяков, С.В.Фролов Модель оценки рисков транспортных операций
в условиях ледяного покрова (.pdf) | 21 | | В.Е.Федяков, С.В.Фролов Новые алгоритмы учета влияния ледяных
образований на надежность движения судов во льдах (.pdf) | 28 | | С.В.Фролов Влияние ориентации нарушений сплошности льда
на эффективность движения судов в Арктическом бассейне в летний период (.pdf) | 35 | | Л.Г.Цой, А.В.Андрюшин, А.А.Штрек Обоснование основных параметров
перспективных крупнотоннажных газовозов для Арктики (.pdf) | 46 | | Н.А.Крупина, В.А.Лихоманов, А.В.Чернов Оценка ледовой ходкости
НЭС «Академик Трёшников» (.pdf) | 57 | | Г.К.Зубакин, Н.Е.Иванов, А.В.Нестеров Оценки изменчивости скорости дрейфа айсбергов и градиента атмосферного давления в северо-восточной части
Баренцева моря (.pdf) | 65 | | Н.Э.Демидов, С.Р.Веркулич, О.В.Занина, Е.С.Караевская, З.В.Пушина,
Е.М.Ривкина, Д.Г.Шмелев Конечная морена и озерно-лагунные отложения
в разрезе четвертичных отложений оазиса Холмы Ларсеманн,
Восточная Антарктида (.pdf) | 79 | | А.В.Баранская, Д.Ю.Большиянов, Ю.И.Кучанов, В.М.Томашунас Новые
данные о дислокациях в четвертичных отложениях полуостровов Ямал и Гыдан
и связанных с ними новейших тектонических движениях
по результатам экспедиции «Ямал–Арктика-2012» (.pdf) | 91 | | Е.А.Гусев, Д.Ю.Большиянов, В.А.Дымов , В.В.Шарин, Х.А.Арсланов Голоценовые морские террасы южных островов земли франца-иосифа (.pdf) | 103 | | Л.М.Саватюгин, И.Н.Сократова Открытию архипелага
Северная Земля – 100 лет: история и перспективы научных работ (.pdf) | 109 | | Г.Д.Бурков К 100-летию со дня рождения П.А.Гордиенко (.pdf) | 114 | | В.В.Иванов К 100-летию со дня рождения А.А.Гирса (.pdf) | 116 |
Table of contents
| V.P.Karklin, I.D.Karelin, A.V.Yulin, E.A.Usoltseva Peculiarities of the landfast ice formation in the Laptev Sea | 5 | | 20 июня 2013 г. Due to the absence of regular observations of landfast ice in the period prior to the use of ice cover satellite monitoring, some important features of the Laptev Sea landfast ice formation regime were not investigated. The article presents the seasonal position of the landfast ice boundaries in the sea since its formation to the maximum development which can occur with various degrees of probability in any winter month from February to May. The landfast ice in the Laptev Sea is formed in the prevalence of seaward winds. Its annual growth is not gradual, but “abrupt” or “stepwise.” Its area and width can increase several times within few days. The article explains the mechanism of this peculiarity of the landfast ice formation. Keywords: landfast ice, landfast ice boundary, the area and the width of the landfast ice, coastward and seaward winds, “stepwise” increase of the landfast ice, stamukha.
| | E.I.Makarov Application of systemic methods to produce specialized ice forecasts | 15 | | 22 июня 2013 г. The author consider the methodology of the system approach when making specialized ice forecasts. Ice cover of the Arctic is regarded as an open system with signs of self-organization. Signs of self-organization are identified as critical structures ice protection of shipping. Describes how to display a structured system using a matrix of information elements and the signal of the triad in the system cell. An example of the drafting table’s ice-analogues forecast for specialized type of sailing conditions in 2013. Keywords: ice conditions of navigation, self-organization of systems of the ice cover, critical structures ice environment of navigation, mapping structures of the ice cover, training on analogies.
| | V.Yu.Tretyakov, S.V.Frolov Model of an estimation of navigation risks in drifting ice | 21 | | 18 июня 2013 г. Methodology of simulation of risk of accidental situations which are caused by nip of vessels due to ice compacting is considered. The model simulates static impact of drift ice upon a ship hull by means of the Monte-Carlo method. There is taking into account both level ice impact and one of the consolidated layer of the ridge. The results of the model testing for the navigation operations along the standard route between the oil field “Prirazlomnoye” and the port of Murmansk are presented. Keywords: navigation risk simulation, ice compression, ice conditions.
| | V.E.Fedyakov, S.V.Frolov The new algorithms of statistical modeling
to describe possible changes of difficulties appeared during the ice navigation
are presented in the article | 28 | | 27 июня 2013 г. One of them can be used to calculate the most possible and limits of the possible changes of time consumption and average ship speeds if some sea ice characteristics are determined. The second algorithm is developed to calculate distribution of parameters, characterized difficulties of ice navigation. This algorithm is used during the study of climate changeability of the ice cover along the present or perspective navigational routes if factual information is limited. Key words: conditions of ice navigation, exploitation parameters, climate changes, statistical modeling, Monte-Carlo method.
| | S.V.Frolov Orientation of the leads and cracks in the ice cover relatively
to direction of the ship movement is the most important characteristic
of ice navigation in the Arctic Basin | 35 | | 15 июля 2013 г. Data of special shipborne observations, carried out in high-latitudinal expeditions, allowed to determine areas of most effective ship movement and allowed to calculate relations between orientation of the leads and cracks and average ship speed, and time when ship stuck. The empirical relation between width of leads and special criteria – lead index – for different types of the leads orientation relatively to the general ship direction was obtained. The algorithms of calculation the ship speed in ice, depending on the type of leads orientation, as for autonomic movement as for the ship assisted by icebreaker were developed. Keywords: Arctic Basin, leads and cracks, lead index, ship speed, model of ship navigation in ice.
| | L.G.Tsoy, A.V.Andryushin, A.A.Shtrek Substantiation of principal parameters of prospective large capacity lng carriers for the Аrctic | 46 | | 27 июня 2013 г. To ensure the year round transportation of natural gas produced on the arctic shelf it is necessary to design special high ice class LNG carriers for active ice navigation which can provide for the efficient and safe transportation of LNG under heavy arctic sea ice conditions. The article deals with probable scenarios of the operation of LNG carriers in the Arctic using both the icebreaker support and independent navigation in ice. The design of prospective arctic LNG carriers should be based on the up-to-date trends of the design and operation of icebreaking cargo ships of high ice classes. Consideration is given to the requirements of the ice propulsion and maneuverability in ice proceeding from the intended navigation scenario and area of operation. The methodology is given of the assessment of the impact of ice compression on the propulsion of large capacity LNG carriers in ice. Recommendations are provided on the choice of hull lines, power and type of the propulsion unit as applied to the year round operation of LNG carrier. On the basis of the analysis of the gained experience of operation of large capacity arctic tankers and the results of model tests and full scale trials, principal requirements to the design of propulsion systems of prospective arctic LNG carriers are given. Keywords: LNG, arctic LNG carrier, maneuverability in ice, impact of ice compression, hull form, propulsion systems.
| | N.A.Krupina, V.A.Likhomanov, A.V.Chernov Estimation of ice capability of research vessel «Akademik Tryoshnikov» | 57 | | 19 августа 2013 г. In December 2012 a new research vessel (RV) RosHydroMet “Akademik Tryoshnikov” started her first voyage. The article describes a method for full-scale ice trials of the vessel and the results of the study of ice performance of “Akademik Tryoshnikov” in Antarctica. Tests have shown that the ice capability of “Akademik Tryoshnikov” when moving forward course, not lower than stated in the specifications of the vessel. Keywords: ice capability, ice performance, attainable speed, ice going ship, full-scale ice trial of a vessel.
| | G.K.Zubakin, N.E.Ivanov, A.V.Nesterov Variability estimates of iceberg drift speed
and pressure gradient in the north-eastern Barents sea | 65 | | 15 апреля 2013 г. The drift of eight icebergs in the North-Eastern Barents Sea since end of May till August 2009 with duration of 20–90 days is studied. The algorithm for drift speed calculation is presented according to the GPS-measurements of geographical coordinates and the air pressure gradient based on NCEP reanalysis data. Daily mean variability of drift speed and spatial pressure gradient within the range of seasonal and synoptic variation is analyzed by vector- algebraic method in the invariant form based on stochastic Euclidean vector model. The iceberg average drift is westward and south westward south of Frantz Josef Land; close to Novaya Zemlya it is north-eastward. The magnitude of average vector drift speed is 2–8 cm/sec at average value of scalar speed of 5–10 cm/sec, 20–25 cm/sec at maximum. The total standard deviation is 8–16 cm/sec. Keywords: the North-Eastern Barents Sea, the drift of icebergs, pressure gradient, Euclidean vector.
| | N.E.Demidov, S.R.Verkulich, O.V.Zanina, E.S.Karaevskaya, Z.V.Pushina, E.M.Rivkina, D.G.Shmelev The end moraine and lacustrine-marine sediments in the crossection
of quaternary deposits of the Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica | 79 | | 19 июля 2013 г. The geological crossection of Quaternary deposits 11 m depth in the Larsemann Hills oasis was studied by rig drilling and complex laboratory analyses of cores. Upper stratigraphic unit 5 meter depth was interpreted as an end moraine marking the position of the last glaciation. Lower stratigraphic unit has thickness 6 meters and is interpreted as lacustrine-marine sediments deposited in conditions of fresh and sea water mixing. The upper boundary of lower unit is located 30 m above sea level, that allows to assume tectonics upward movement or sea regression after formation of lacustrine-marine sediments. Keywords: Larsemann Hills, East Antarctic, Last glacial maximum, cores of quaternary deposits, geochemical analysis, diatom analysis, paleogeographic reconstruction.
| | A.V.Baranskaya, D.Yu.Bolshiyanov, Yu.I.Kuchanov, V.M.Tomashunas New data
on neotectonic movements and dislocations in Quarternary sediments of the Yamal
and Gydan Peninsula based on the results of the «Yamal–Arctic-2012» Expedition | 91 | | 24 мая 2013 г. The results of fieldwork during the “Yamal–Arctic-2012” Expedition at two sites on the Kara Sea coast are presented. On these sites, deformations and plicative dislocations have been observed in the Quarternary sediments exposed along the sea cliffs. On the eastern coast of the Baydarata Bay, as well as in the south-western part of the Gulf of Enisey, folds of different shape, size and genesis have been documented. Their morphology is described, the probable mechanisms of their formation have been proposed. Purely tectonic dislocations, caused only by crustal movements and dynamic influence of faults and fractures, have been selected. Keywords: Yamal, Gydan, geomorphology, neotectonics, Quarternary, dislocations.
| | Е.А.Gusev, D.Yu.Bolshiyanov, V.A.Dymov , V.V.Sharin, Kh.A.Arslanov Holocene
marine terraces of Franz Jozef Land Southern Islands | 103 | | 31 мая 2013 г. Radiocarbon dating of marine terraces on the southern islands of Franz Josef Land archipelago: Lamon and Wilczek indicate recently neotectonic uplift. We obtained younger radiocarbon dates from Wilczek island than it was analyzed previously. The dating show transgression of the sea and its high standing about 2000 years ago in the southern islands of the archipelago of Franz Josef Land. Keywords: Franz Josef Land, marine terraces, radiocarbon dates, neotectonics.
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